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- Title
Environmental efficiency in South Asian agriculture: A potential of reducing CO2 emissions and fertilizers usage.
- Abstract
South Asian governments have introduced renewable energy policies for the reduction of CO2 emissions while keeping up with the demand for food by enhancing agricultural production. Therefore, it is a need to examine the efficiency analysis of agriculture by incorporating CO2 emissions as a bad output for measuring sustainability in their agriculture practices. Also, the study calculated the potential reduction of CO2 emissions and the usage of fertilizers to make agricultural practices sustainable and environmentally efficient. This study estimated the productivity change, technical, and environmental efficiency of rice production for selected South Asian countries. Data were obtained from the FAO‐STAT website from 2002 to 2014. The change in rice productivity was measured through total factor productivity (TFP) scores by applying the Malmquist Index (MI) approach. Traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models and Slacks based model (SBM‐DEA) were applied for the measurement of technical and environmental efficiency, respectively. The results of the MI approach showed that Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka were found to have positive changes in TFP. The results of technical and environmental efficiency indicated that Bangladesh, Bhutan, and India were found efficient throughout the study period. Afghanistan and Pakistan were found environmentally most inefficient. The slack obtained from the SBM‐DEA indicated that Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Sri Lanka had a huge potential to reduce CO2 emissions and usage of fertilizers. Furthermore, this study provides an overview of the sustainable status of agriculture and also provides suggestions in selected South Asian countries.
- Subjects
PAKISTAN; BHUTAN; BANGLADESH; CARBON emissions; INDUSTRIAL productivity; RICE farming; FERTILIZERS; DATA envelopment analysis; SUSTAINABLE agriculture; AGRICULTURAL productivity
- Publication
Journal of Public Affairs (14723891), 2022, Vol 22, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1472-3891
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/pa.2327