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- Title
Neurological, Behavioral, and Pathophysiological Characterization of the Co-Occurrence of Substance Use and HIV: A Narrative Review.
- Authors
Vines, Leah; Sotelo, Diana; Giddens, Natasha; Manza, Peter; Volkow, Nora D.; Wang, Gene-Jack
- Abstract
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has greatly reduced the severity of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in people living with HIV (PLWH); however, PLWH are more likely than the general population to use drugs and suffer from substance use disorders (SUDs) and to exhibit risky behaviors that promote HIV transmission and other infections. Dopamine-boosting psychostimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine are some of the most widely used substances among PLWH. Chronic use of these substances disrupts brain function, structure, and cognition. PLWH with SUD have poor health outcomes driven by complex interactions between biological, neurocognitive, and social factors. Here we review the effects of comorbid HIV and psychostimulant use disorders by discussing the distinct and common effects of HIV and chronic cocaine and methamphetamine use on behavioral and neurological impairments using evidence from rodent models of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairments (Tat or gp120 protein expression) and clinical studies. We also provide a biopsychosocial perspective by discussing behavioral impairment in differentially impacted social groups and proposing interventions at both patient and population levels.
- Subjects
SUBSTANCE abuse; HIV infection transmission; HIV-1 glycoprotein 120; TAT protein; HIV
- Publication
Brain Sciences (2076-3425), 2023, Vol 13, Issue 10, p1480
- ISSN
2076-3425
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/brainsci13101480