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- Title
Eugenol Triggers Different Pathobiological Effects on Human Oral Mucosal Fibroblasts.
- Authors
Jeng, J. H.; Hahn, L. J.; Lu, F. J.; Wang, Y. J.; Kuo, M. Y. P.
- Abstract
Pathobiological effects of eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), a major constituent of betel quid (BQ), were studied on oral mucosal fibroblasts. At a concentration higher than 3 mmol/L, eugenol was cytotoxic to oral mucosal fibroblasts in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. Cell death was associated with intracellular depletion of glutathione (GSH). Most of the GSH was depleted prior to the onset of cell death. At concentrations of 3 mmol/L and 4 mmol/L, eugenol depleted about 45% and 77% of GSH after one-hour incubation. In addition, eugenol decreased cellular ATP level in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Eugenol also inhibited lipid peroxidation. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation was partially explained by its dose-dependent inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity. The IC50 of eugenol on xanthine oxidase activity was about 0.3 mmol/L. No DNA strand break activity for eugenol was found at concentrations between 0.5 and 3 mmol/L. Taken together, frequent exposure of oral mucosa to a high concentration of eugenol during the chewing of BQ might be involved in the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer via its cytotoxicity. In contrast, eugenol at a concentration less than 1 mmol/L might protect cells from the genetic attack of reactive oxygen species via inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and lipid peroxidation.
- Subjects
GUAIACOL; FIBROBLASTS; CELL-mediated cytotoxicity; GLUTATHIONE; PEROXIDATION; CELL death
- Publication
Journal of Dental Research, 1994, Vol 73, Issue 5, p1050
- ISSN
0022-0345
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/00220345940730050601