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- Title
Association Between Raised Inflammatory Markers and Cognitive Decline in Elderly People With Type 2 Diabetes.
- Authors
Marioni, Riccardo E.; Strachan, Mark W. J.; Reynolds, Rebecca M.; Lowe, Gordon D. O.; Mitchell, Rory J.; Fowkes, F. Gerry R.; Frier, Brian M.; Lee, Amanda J.; Butcher, Isabella; Rumley, Ann; Murray, Gordon D.; Deary, Ian J.; Price, Jackie F.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE--To determine whether circulating levels of the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are associated with cognitive ability and estimated lifetime cognitive decline in an elderly population with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--A cross-sectional study of 1,066 men and women aged 60-75 years with type 2 diabetes and living in Lothian, Scotland (the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study), was performed. Seven cognitive tests were used to measure abilities in memory, nonverbal reasoning, information processing speed, executive function, and mental flexibility. The results were used to derive a general intelligence factor (g). A vocabulary-based test was administered as an estimate of peak prior cognitive ability. Results on the cognitive tests were assessed for statistical association with inflammatory markers measured in a venous blood sample at the time of cognitive testing. RESULTS--Higher IL-6 and TNF-α levels were associated with poorer age- and sex-adjusted scores on the majority of the individual cognitive tests. They were also associated with g using standardized regression coefficients -0.074 to -0.173 (P < 0.05). After adjusting for vocabulary, education level, cardiovascular dysfunction, duration of diabetes, and glycemic control, IL-6 remained associated with three of the cognitive tests and with g. CONCLUSIONS--In this representative population of people with type 2 diabetes, elevated circulating levels of inflammatory markers were associated with poorer cognitive ability. IL-6 levels were also associated with estimated lifetime cognitive decline. Diabetes 59:710-713, 2010
- Subjects
LOTHIAN (Scotland); SCOTLAND; BIOMARKERS; COGNITION disorders in old age; TYPE 2 diabetes; C-reactive protein; INTERLEUKIN-6; TUMOR necrosis factors
- Publication
Diabetes, 2010, Vol 59, Issue 3, p710
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2337/db09-1163