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- Title
Keratoconus detection by novel indices in patients with Down syndrome: a cohort population-based study.
- Authors
Hashemi, Hassan; Miraftab, Mohammad; Amanzadeh, Kazem; Seyedian, Mohammad Amin; Vinciguerra, Riccardo; Ambrósio, Renato; Roberts, Cynthia; Makateb, Ali; Vinciguerra, Paolo; Asgari, Soheila
- Abstract
Purpose: To use novel indices to determine the prevalence of KC and its progression in patients aged 10–30 years with Down syndrome. Study design: Cohort population-based study. Methods: Two hundred twenty-six of 250 invited Down syndrome patients were enrolled. The diagnostic criteria were confirmed by two independent expert examiners using slit-lamp examinations and topographic indices measured by Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte): maximum keratometry centered on the steepest point (zonal Kmax-3 mm), Ambrósio's relational thickness (ART), inferior-superior asymmetry (IS-value), Belin/Ambrósio deviation value (BAD-D), the Tomographic and Biomechanical Index (TBI), and a posterior elevation map. In the KC cases, Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte) was done. All the KC cases completed the second phase in 2017. Results: KC was identified in 28 patients (12.39%; 95% confidence interval: 8.2–17.9%): 20 bilateral and eight unilateral cases. Of these, 24 were in the ≤ 20-years age group, and four, in the > 20-years age group. The frequency of KC was not significantly correlated with age (P = 0.804) or gender (P = 0.322). In the KC cases, the mean zonal Kmax-3 mm, ART-max, IS-value, BAD-D, CBI, and TBI were 50.40 ± 5.88 D, 321.63 ± 111.94 μm, 1.99 ± 2.51, 3.73 ± 3.12, 0.54 ± 0.61, and 0.86 ± 0.20, respectively, and the minimum corneal thickness was 492.17 ± 42.67 μm. Of the 28 patients, 39.6% showed progression, and all were in the ≤ 20-years age group. Conclusion: The prevalence of KC in Down syndrome patients is significantly higher than that reported in non-Down syndrome individuals of the same age groups. The progression rate is approximately similar to that of the non-Down syndrome population. Screening programs should be applied to prohibit serious visual impairment in these populations.
- Subjects
PEOPLE with Down syndrome; COHORT analysis; KERATOCONUS; AGE groups; VISION disorders
- Publication
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2020, Vol 64, Issue 3, p285
- ISSN
0021-5155
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10384-020-00725-4