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- Title
Characterization with X-rays of a Large-Area GEMPix Detector with Optical Readout for QA in Hadron Therapy.
- Authors
Maia Oliveira, Andreia; Akkerman, Hylke B.; Braccini, Saverio; van Breemen, Albert J. J. M.; Gallego Manzano, Lucia; Heracleous, Natalie; Katsouras, Ilias; Leidner, Johannes; Murtas, Fabrizio; Peeters, Bart; Silari, Marco
- Abstract
Featured Application: An optical readout GEM-based detector based on a matrix of organic photodiodes with an active area of 60 × 80 mm2, called the LaGEMPix, was assembled and characterized, using low energy X-rays as a preliminary step toward the development of a 200 × 200 mm2 detector for use in Quality Assurance in hadron therapy. Quality Assurance (QA) in hadron therapy is crucial to ensure safe and accurate dose delivery to patients. This can be achieved with fast, reliable and high-resolution detectors. In this paper, we present a novel solution that combines a triple Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) and a highly pixelated readout based on a matrix of organic photodiodes fabricated on top of an oxide-based thin-film transistor backplane. The first LaGEMPix prototype with an active area of 60 × 80 mm2 was developed and characterized using low energy X-rays. The detector comprises a drift gap of 3.5 mm, a triple-GEM stack for electron amplification, and a readout featuring 480 × 640 pixels at a 126 µm pitch. Here, we describe the measurements and results in terms of spatial resolution for various experimental configurations. A comparison with GAFCHROMIC® films and the GEMPix detector used in the charge readout mode was performed to better understand the contribution to the spatial resolution from both the electron diffusion and the isotropic emission of photons. The measurements were compared to Monte Carlo simulations, using the FLUKA code. The simulation predictions are in good agreement with the GEMPix results. Future plans with respect to applications in hadron therapy are discussed.
- Subjects
OPTICAL detectors; MONTE Carlo method; PARTICLE detectors; PHOTOMULTIPLIERS; HADRONS; PHOTON emission; ELECTRON diffusion
- Publication
Applied Sciences (2076-3417), 2021, Vol 11, Issue 14, p6459
- ISSN
2076-3417
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/app11146459