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- Title
Pretreatment serum interleukin-1 β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor- α levels predict the progression of colorectal cancer.
- Authors
Chang, Pei‐Hung; Pan, Yi‐Ping; Fan, Chung‐Wei; Tseng, Wen‐Ko; Huang, Jen‐Seng; Wu, Tsung‐Han; Chou, Wen‐Chi; Wang, Cheng‐Hsu; Yeh, Kun‐Yun
- Abstract
The correlations of pretreatment serum concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF α) with the clinicopathologic features and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated. The pretreatment serum levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF α were measured in 164 CRC patients before treatment. The relationships between changes in proinflammatory cytokine and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and both clinicopathologic variables and disease progression were examined by univariate and multivariate analysis. Advanced tumor stage was associated with a poorer histologic differentiation, higher CRP level, lower albumin level, and inferior progression-free survival rate (PFSR). Furthermore, high levels of CRP (>5 mg/L) were associated with proinflammatory cytokine intensity, defined according to the number of proinflammatory cytokines with levels above the median level (IL-1 β ≥10 pg/mL; IL-6 ≥ 10 pg/mL; and TNF α ≥55 pg/mL). Under different inflammation states, proinflammatory cytokine intensity, in addition to tumor stage, independently predicted PFSR in patients with CRP <5 mg/L, whereas tumor stage was the only independent predictor of PFSR in patients with CRP ≥5 mg/L. Proinflammatory cytokine intensity and the CRP level are clinically relevant for CRC progression. Measurement of IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF α serum levels may help identify early cancer progression among patients with CRP <5 mg/L in routine practice.
- Subjects
COLON cancer; INTERLEUKIN-1; INTERLEUKIN-6; TUMOR necrosis factors; MULTIVARIATE analysis; DISEASE progression
- Publication
Cancer Medicine, 2016, Vol 5, Issue 3, p426
- ISSN
2045-7634
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/cam4.602