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- Title
Electro-organic reactions. Part 60[1]. The electro-oxidative conversion at laboratory scale of a lignosulfonate into vanillin in an FM01 filter press flow reactor: preparative and mechanistic aspects.
- Authors
Smith, Carmen Z.; Utley, James H. P.; Hammond, John K.
- Abstract
The electrochemical conversion of a spruce lignosulfonate into vanillin, at nickel anodes, was explored in previously unobtainable detail. A flow reactor (FM01), in a rig that permitted considerable variation of electrolysis conditions, allowed up to 150 g to be electrolysed at up to12 A at a variety of electrode configurations. Samples taken during electrolysis gave detailed reaction profiles. The electrolyser operated at 145 °C/500 kPa/3 M NaOH and yields of vanillin were similar to those obtained industrially using chemical oxidants (about 5-7% w/w). Vanillin production was favoured by low current density and low initial concentration of lignosulfonate. Vanillin, alone, was consumed in a 2.7 F process under the above conditions. Historically, yields in chemical and electrochemical conversions of lignins into vanillin do not exceed 10%; the results herein explain this apparent limit as equilibrium between formation of vanillin, its concomitant oxidative destruction and further condensation of lignins.
- Subjects
LIGNOSULFONATES; VANILLIN; NICKEL; ORGANIC electrochemistry; ANODES; BIOMASS conversion; ELECTROLYSIS
- Publication
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 2011, Vol 41, Issue 4, p363
- ISSN
0021-891X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10800-010-0245-0