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- Title
Positive selection of digestive proteases in Daphnia: A mechanism for local adaptation to cyanobacterial protease inhibitors.
- Authors
Schwarzenberger, Anke; Hasselmann, Martin; Elert, Eric
- Abstract
Due to the combined effects of global warming and eutrophication, the frequency of deleterious cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater ecosystems has increased. In line with this, local adaptation of the aquatic keystone herbivore Daphnia to cyanobacteria has received major attention. Besides microcystins, the most frequent cyanobacterial secondary metabolites in such blooms are protease inhibitors (PIs). Recently, it has been shown that a protease gene showed copy number variation between four D. magna populations that differed in tolerance to PIs. From that study, we chose two distinct populations of D. magna which had or had not coexisted with cyanobacteria in the past. By calculating FST values, we found that the two populations were genetically more distant in the protease loci than in neutral loci. Population genetic tests applied to the tolerant population revealed that positive selection was most probably acting on the gene loci of the digestive protease CT448 and CT802. We conclude that the selection of digestive proteases and subsequent reduction in copy number is the molecular basis of evolutionary changes leading to local adaptation to PIs.
- Subjects
CYANOBACTERIAL toxins; DAPHNIA; DIGESTIVE enzymes; PROTEASE inhibitors; PROTEOLYTIC enzymes; CYANOBACTERIAL blooms; METABOLITES
- Publication
Molecular Ecology, 2020, Vol 29, Issue 5, p912
- ISSN
0962-1083
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/mec.15375