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- Title
Traumatic experiences in childhood and adolescence: a meta-analysis of prospective studies assessing risk for psychosis.
- Authors
Pastore, Adriana; de Girolamo, Giovanni; Tafuri, Silvio; Tomasicchio, Aldo; Margari, Francesco
- Abstract
Evidence of the association between traumatic experiences and psychosis are uncertain with respect to temporal order, clinical outcomes and the role of the age and genetic liability. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to explore the temporal relationship between the development of psychosis and traumatic exposure using prospective studies and to examine the role of moderation factors on overall effect sizes. Studies were identified by searching Embase-Ovid, PsycINFO (EBSCO), Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, and yielded an initial total of 9016 papers, leaving finally 23 after the screening process. Three sets of meta-analyses estimated the risk of developing psychotic experiences or full clinical psychosis by having experienced maltreatment by an adult or bullying by peers or parental death, using the random-effects model. Bullying by peers (OR = 2.28 [1.64, 4.34]), maltreatment by an adult (OR = 2.20 [1.72, 2.81]) and parental death (OR = 1.24 [1.06, 1.44]) all increased the risk of psychosis. Moderator analysis showed that negative effects of bullying were detected especially in those with genetic liability for psychosis and exposure to multiple trauma types; studies with higher prevalence of males showed a stronger risk for those exposed to parental death. No significant meta-regression was found between the risk of developing a full clinical psychosis or a psychotic experience. Lack of studies hampered the results about the age of trauma occurrence. The cumulative effect of being bullied from peers and experiencing other adversities during childhood and/or adolescence, together with genetic liability for psychosis, appears to confer the highest risk for developing psychotic symptoms later in life.
- Subjects
MENTAL health; WOUNDS &; injuries; ADVERSE childhood experiences; ONLINE information services; PSYCHOLOGY information storage &; retrieval systems; META-analysis; CONFIDENCE intervals; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; PSYCHOSES; SYSTEMATIC reviews; RISK assessment; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DATA analysis software; ODDS ratio; MEDLINE; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENCE
- Publication
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2022, Vol 31, Issue 2, p215
- ISSN
1018-8827
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00787-020-01574-9