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- Title
Lifestyle and Nickel Allergy in a Swedish Adolescent Population: Effects of Piercing, Tattooing and Orthodontic Appliances.
- Authors
FORS, Ronny; PERSSON, Maurits; BERGSTRÖM, Erik; STENLUND, Hans; STYMNE, Birgitta; STENBERG, Berndt
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of lifestyle practices in adolescents and their association with nickel allergy. Upper secondary school pupils (« = 4,376; 15-23 years) were patch-tested for nickel allergy, follow-ing completion of a questionnaire (answered by 6,095). Almost 86% girls and 21% of boys reported piercing. More girls (6%) than boys (3%) had a tattoo. Twenty-six percent of the girls and 18% of the boys were regular smokers. Vegetarian/vegan diets were reported by 20% of girls and by 6% of boys. Piercing, female gender, and vocational programme increased the risk of nickel al-lergy, whereas orthodontic appliance treatment prior to piercing reduced the risk of nickel allergy. Pupils in voca-tional programmes had the highest prevalence of nickel allergy. Lifestyle behaviours are interconnected and clus-ter in subgroups of adolescents. Female sex, piercing and choice of educational programme are prominent lifestyle markers. A trend shift is observed, where more girls than boys report tattooing. Key words: patch test; prevalence; risk; youth; questionnaire; orthodontic treatment.
- Subjects
BODY piercing; ORTHODONTIC appliances; TATTOOING; LIFESTYLES; HEALTH behavior
- Publication
Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 2012, Vol 92, Issue 6, p664
- ISSN
0001-5555
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2340/00015555-1305