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- Title
Effect of Agar on the Mechanical, Thermal, and Moisture Absorption Properties of Thermoplastic Sago Starch Composites.
- Authors
Taharuddin, Nurul Hanan; Jumaidin, Ridhwan; Ilyas, Rushdan Ahmad; Kamaruddin, Zatil Hazrati; Mansor, Muhd Ridzuan; Md Yusof, Fahmi Asyadi; Knight, Victor Feizal; Norrrahim, Mohd Nor Faiz
- Abstract
Thermoplastic starch is a material that has the potential to be environmentally friendly and biodegradable. However, it has certain drawbacks concerning its mechanical performance and is sensitive to the presence of moisture. The current study assessed agar-containing thermoplastic sago starch (TPSS) properties at various loadings. Variable proportions of agar (5%, 10%, and 15% wt%) were used to produce TPSS by the hot-pressing method. Then, the samples were subjected to characterisation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and moisture absorption tests. The results demonstrated that adding agar to starch-based thermoplastic blends significantly improved their tensile, flexural, and impact properties. The samples' morphology showed that the fracture had become more erratic and uneven after adding agar. FT-IR revealed that intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed between TPSS and agar. Moreover, with an increase in agar content, TPSS's thermal stability was also increased. However, the moisture absorption values among the samples increased slightly as the amount of agar increased. Overall, the proposed TPSS/agar blend has the potential to be employed as biodegradable material due to its improved mechanical characteristics.
- Subjects
AGAR; BIODEGRADABLE materials; FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy; STARCH; DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry
- Publication
Materials (1996-1944), 2022, Vol 15, Issue 24, p8954
- ISSN
1996-1944
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ma15248954