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- Title
Rural-urban and racial-ethnic differences in awareness of direct-to-consumer genetic testing.
- Authors
Salloum, Ramzi G.; George, Thomas J.; Silver, Natalie; Markham, Merry-Jennifer; Hall, Jaclyn M.; Yi Guo; Jiang Bian; Shenkman, Elizabeth A.; Guo, Yi; Bian, Jiang
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Access to direct-to-consumer genetic testing services has increased in recent years. However, disparities in knowledge and awareness of these services are not well documented. We examined awareness of genetic testing services by rural/urban and racial/ethnic status.<bold>Methods: </bold>Analyses were conducted using pooled cross-sectional data from 4 waves (2011-2014) of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Descriptive statistics compared sample characteristics and information sources by rural/urban residence. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between geography, racial/ethnic status, and awareness of genetic testing, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics.<bold>Results: </bold>Of 13,749 respondents, 16.7% resided in rural areas, 13.8% were Hispanic, and 10.1% were non-Hispanic black. Rural residents were less likely than urban residents to report awareness of genetic testing (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.63-0.87). Compared with non-Hispanic whites, racial/ethnic minorities were less likely to be aware of genetic testing: Hispanic (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.56-0.82); and non-Hispanic black (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.61-0.90).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Rural-urban and racial-ethnic differences exist in awareness of direct-to-consumer genetic testing. These differences may translate into disparities in the uptake of genetic testing, health behavior change, and disease prevention through precision and personalized medicine.
- Subjects
UNITED States; HEALTH equity; GENETIC testing; RACIAL differences; ETHNIC differences; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors; STATISTICS on Black people; STATISTICS on minorities; STATISTICS on Hispanic Americans; COMPARATIVE studies; ETHNIC groups; ETHNOPSYCHOLOGY; HEALTH attitudes; HEALTH services accessibility; HEALTH status indicators; PSYCHOLOGY of Hispanic Americans; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; PSYCHOLOGY of Minorities; POPULATION; RESEARCH; RESEARCH funding; RURAL population; SURVEYS; WHITE people; CITY dwellers; PSYCHOLOGY of Black people; EVALUATION research; CROSS-sectional method
- Publication
BMC Public Health, 2018, Vol 18, p1
- ISSN
1471-2458
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1186/s12889-018-5190-6