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- Title
Cumulative and Residual Effects of Two-Phase Olive Mill Waste on Olive Grove Production and Soil Properties.
- Authors
López-Piñeiro, A.; Albarrán, A.; Nunes, J. M. Rato; Peña, D.; Cabrera, D.
- Abstract
Modern olive (Olea europaea L.) mill extraction techniques generate a large amount of two-phase olive mill waste (OMW) containing up to 90% organic matter. Recycling OMW as a soil amendment may represent a solution for its disposal, especially in Mediterranean areas, where many soils are characterized by very low organic matter levels. A 10-yr field study was conducted to evaluate the long-term sustainability of raw OMW disposal as a soil amendment on an olive grove in Elvas, Portugal. The soil was amended with OMW at rates of 0, 30, and 60 Mg ha-1, dry weight equivalent, for 8 yr, with cumulative and residual effects being assessed in the last year and 2 yr after the last application. Long-term applications of OMW to soil led to cumulative and residual effects on soil physical [aggregate stability and bulk density (Db)], chemical [total organic carbon (TOC) and its humified fractions, total N, available P, and K], and biochemical [dehydrogenase (DH), urease (UR), β-glucosidase (GLU), alkaline phosphatase (PHO), and arylsulfatase (ARS) activities] properties, and contributed to an increase in olive yields compared with the control (> 17%, > 1.47 Mg ha-1). However, electrical conductivity (EC) rose significantly with OMW application, especially in the residual year, ranging from 0.513 dS m-1 for the unamended soil to 2.29 dS m-1 at the 60 Mg ha-1 application rate. Repeated addition of OMW to olive grove soils may be a useful strategy for recycling this organic amendment to improve soil fertility and increase yields. However, long-term use of OMW increases the risk of soil salinity, especially if application rates are >30 Mg ha-1.
- Subjects
OLIVE; SOIL quality; SOIL science; ORGANIC compounds; QUANTITATIVE research
- Publication
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2011, Vol 75, Issue 3, p1061
- ISSN
0361-5995
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2136/sssaj2010.0230