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- Title
Plasma Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer.
- Authors
Conteduca, Vincenza; Gurioli, Giorgia; Brighi, Nicole; Lolli, Cristian; Schepisi, Giuseppe; Casadei, Chiara; Burgio, Salvatore Luca; Gargiulo, Stefania; Ravaglia, Giorgia; Rossi, Lorena; Altavilla, Amelia; Farolfi, Alberto; Menna, Cecilia; Colangione, Sarah Pia; Pulvirenti, Mario; Romeo, Antonino; De Giorgi, Ugo
- Abstract
The therapeutic landscape of prostate cancer has expanded rapidly over the past 10 years, and there is now an even greater need to understand the biological mechanisms of resistance and to develop noninvasive biomarkers to guide treatment. The androgen receptor (AR) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of prostate cancer. Recently, highly sensitive next-generation sequencing and PCR-based methods for analyzing androgen receptor gene (AR) copy numbers (CN) and mutations in plasma were established in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treated with different drugs. The study of cfDNA holds great promise for improving treatment in CRPC, especially in the advanced stage of the disease. Recent findings showed the significant association of plasma AR aberrations with clinical outcome in CRPC patients treated with AR-directed therapies, whereas no association was observed in patients treated with taxanes. This suggests the potential for using plasma AR as a biomarker for selecting treatment, i.e., hormone therapy or chemotherapy, and the possibility of modulating taxane dose. In recent years, plasma AR status has also been investigated in association with novel agents, such as 177Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy and PARP inhibitors. This review will focus on AR testing in plasma that may have clinical utility for treatment selection in advanced prostate cancer.
- Subjects
DNA analysis; COMBINED modality therapy; HORMONES; GENETIC mutation; POLYMERASE chain reaction; PROSTATE tumors; THERAPEUTICS; DISEASE progression; ANDROGEN receptors; SEQUENCE analysis
- Publication
Cancers, 2019, Vol 11, Issue 11, p1719
- ISSN
2072-6694
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/cancers11111719