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- Title
Cross-Reactivity of Anti-HIV-1 T Cell Immune Responses among the Major HIV-1 Clades in HIV-1-Positive Individuals from 4 Continents.
- Authors
Coplan, Paul M.; Gupta, Swati B.; Dubey, Sheri A.; Pitisuttithum, Punnee; Nikas, Alex; Mbewe, Bernard; Vardas, Efthyia; Schechter, Mauro; Kallas, Esper G.; Freed, Dan C.; Fu, Tong-Ming; Mast, Christopher T.; Puthavathana, Pilaipan; Kublin, James; Collins, Kelly Brown; Chisi, John; Pendame, Richard; Thaler, Scott J.; Gray, Glenda; Mcintyre, James
- Abstract
Background. The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- 1) raises the question of whether vaccines that include a component to elicit antiviral T cell immunity based on a single viral genetic clade could provide cellular immune protection against divergent HIV-1 clades. Therefore, we quantified the cross-clade reactivity, among unvaccinated individuals, of anti-HIV- 1 T cell responses to the infecting HIV- 1 clade relative to other major circulating clades. Methods. Cellular immune responses to HIV- 1 clades A, B, and C were compared by standardized interferon- y enzyme-linked immunospot assays among 250 unvaccinated individuals, infected with diverse HIV- 1 clades, from Brazil, Malawi, South Africa, Thailand, and the United States. Cross-clade reactivity was evaluated by use of the ratio of responses to heterologous versus homologous (infecting) clades of HIV- 1. Results. Cellular immune responses were predominantly focused on viral Gag and Nef proteins. Cross-clade reactivity of cellular immune responses to HIV- 1 clade A, B, and C proteins was substantial for Nef proteins (ratio, 0.97 [95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.05]) and lower for Gag proteins (ratio, 0.67 [95% confidence interval, 0.62- 0.73]). The difference in cross-clade reactivity to Nef and Gag proteins was significant (P < .0001). Conclusions. Cross-clade reactivity of cellular immune responses can be substantial but varies by viral protein.
- Subjects
IMMUNE response; HIV; PROTEINS; BIOMOLECULES; T cells; IMMUNITY; LYMPHOCYTES
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2005, Vol 191, Issue 9, p1427
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/428450