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- Title
Atención a la salud maternoinfantil en Cuba: logros y desafíos.
- Authors
Santana Espinosa, María Cecilia; Esquivel Lauzurique, Mercedes; Regla Herrera Alcázar, Violeta; Castro Pacheco, Berta Lidia; Machado Lubián, María del Carmen; Cintra Cala, Duniesky; Álvarez Fumero, Roberto Tomás; Marcheco Teruel, Beatriz
- Abstract
In Cuba, maternal and child health care is based on the priority granted by the State, the implementation of the National Maternal and Child Health Program and the guarantee of equitable access to health services. This article describes the Cuban experience in this field, as well as its main achievements, challenges, and lessons learned. Among the most relevant results up to 2015 are the reduction of infant mortality rate and under-five mortality rate to 4.3 and 5.7 deaths per 1 000 live births, respectively; 5-year survival of 99.4%; more than 10 prenatal check-ups per delivery; 5.3% of low birth weight; 99.9% of institutional births; and being the first country to validate the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS and congenital syphilis. The main challenges are to increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding; to reduce anemia due to iron deficiency in children and pregnant women; to reduce overweight in children; to prevent accidents; and to reduce maternal mortality, adolescent fertility rate, and voluntary abortion. Among the lessons learned are the priority given by the State to health, the programmatic management of maternal and child care, the guarantee of universal coverage, the systematic collection of information for decision-making, the integration of sectors and social participation in health. Sustaining and improving the results achieved will contribute to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Agenda for 2030.
- Subjects
CUBA; ACCIDENT prevention; HIV infection transmission; ANEMIA prevention; PREVENTION of childhood obesity; MATERNAL mortality; CONGENITAL, hereditary, &; infantile syphilis; ABORTION; BIRTH weight; BREASTFEEDING; CHILD health services; DECISION making; FERTILITY; HEALTH services accessibility; HIV; INFANT health services; INFANT mortality; HEALTH insurance; NATIONAL health services; PRENATAL diagnosis; SOCIAL participation; SURVIVAL; SUSTAINABLE development; ACHIEVEMENT; HUMAN services programs; VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases); INFECTIOUS disease transmission; PREVENTION
- Publication
Pan American Journal of Public Health / Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 2018, Vol 42, p1
- ISSN
1020-4989
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.26633/RPSP.2018.27