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- Title
Weighing the Evidence for the Roles of Plasma Versus Local Pyrophosphate in Ectopic Calcification Disorders.
- Authors
Ralph, Douglas; Levine, Michael; Millán, José Luis; Uitto, Jouni; Li, Qiaoli
- Abstract
Ectopic calcification is characterized by inappropriate deposition of calcium mineral in nonskeletal connective tissues and can cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly when it affects the cardiovascular system. Identification of the metabolic and genetic determinants of ectopic calcification could help distinguish individuals at the greatest risk of developing these pathological calcifications and could guide development of medical interventions. Inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) has long been recognized as the most potent endogenous inhibitor of biomineralization. It has been intensively studied as both a marker and a potential therapeutic for ectopic calcification. Decreased extracellular concentrations of PPi have been proposed to be a unifying pathophysiological mechanism for disorders of ectopic calcification, both genetic and acquired. However, are reduced plasma concentrations of PPi a reliable predictor of ectopic calcification? This perspective article evaluates the literature in favor and against a pathophysiological role of plasma versus tissue PPi dysregulation as a determinant of, and as a biomarker for, ectopic calcification. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
- Subjects
CALCIFICATION; CONNECTIVE tissues; PYROPHOSPHATES; BIOMINERALIZATION; BIOMARKERS
- Publication
Journal of Bone & Mineral Research, 2023, Vol 38, Issue 4, p457
- ISSN
0884-0431
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jbmr.4791