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- Title
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalization in the United States, 2019-2020.
- Authors
Tenforde, Mark W; Talbot, H Keipp; Trabue, Christopher H; Gaglani, Manjusha; McNeal, Tresa M; Monto, Arnold S; Martin, Emily T; Zimmerman, Richard K; Silveira, Fernanda P; Middleton, Donald B; Olson, Samantha M; Kondor, Rebecca J Garten; Barnes, John R; Ferdinands, Jill M; Patel, Manish M; Investigators, Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN); Silveira, Fernanda; Garten Kondor, Rebecca J; HAIVEN Investigators; Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN) Investigators
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality and stresses hospital resources during periods of increased circulation. We evaluated the effectiveness of the 2019-2020 influenza vaccine against influenza-associated hospitalization in the United States.<bold>Methods: </bold>We included adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness at 14 hospitals and tested for influenza viruses by reserve-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated by comparing the odds of current-season influenza vaccination in test-positive influenza cases vs test-negative controls, adjusting for confounders. VE was stratified by age and major circulating influenza types along with A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic subgroups.<bold>Results: </bold>A total of 3116 participants were included, including 18% (n = 553) influenza-positive cases. Median age was 63 years. Sixty-seven percent (n = 2079) received vaccination. Overall adjusted VE against influenza viruses was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27%-52%). VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses was 40% (95% CI, 24%-53%) and 33% against B viruses (95% CI, 0-56%). Of the 2 major A(H1N1)pdm09 subgroups (representing 90% of sequenced H1N1 viruses), VE against one group (5A + 187A,189E) was 59% (95% CI, 34%-75%) whereas no VE was observed against the other group (5A + 156K) (-1% [95% CI, -61% to 37%]).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In a primarily older population, influenza vaccination was associated with a 41% reduction in risk of hospitalized influenza illness.
- Subjects
UNITED States; INFLUENZA; FLU vaccine efficacy; VACCINE effectiveness; HOSPITAL care; INFLUENZA vaccines; INFLUENZA A virus, H1N1 subtype
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2021, Vol 224, Issue 5, p813
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiaa800