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- Title
Novel aspects of nanocellulose.
- Authors
Hettrich, Kay; Pinnow, Manfred; Volkert, Bert; Passauer, Lars; Fischer, Steffen
- Abstract
Novel nanoscaled cellulose particles were prepared using high-pressure homogenization of aqueous media contenting treated cellulose samples in a Microfluidizer processor (MF). Here, we present the generation of spherical cellulose nanoparticles as an extension of previously published reports of nano fibrillated cellulose. Although MF treatment of unmodified cellulose yields nanofibrils which are reported in several publications, in the current work different kinds of pretreatments were proven to be necessary to obtain spherical structured cellulose nanoparticles. One such treatment may be the decrystallization of cellulose regenerating it from N-methylmorpholine- N-oxid-monohydrate (NMMNO*HO). Nanocellulose was then obtained by a subsequent high-pressure mechanical treatment of the precipitate in aqueous dispersion. Decrystallization was also realized by grinding cellulose in a planetary ball mill. The resulting amorphous intermediates were characterized by Raman spectroscopy. Another approach tested was hydrolysis and subsequent mechanical treatment using an Ultra-Turrax and MF. Another alternative was given by the mechanical treatment of aqueous dispersions of low substituted cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose and oxidized cellulose without any further hydrolysis.
- Subjects
CELLULOSE; NANOSTRUCTURED materials; AQUEOUS solutions; NANOFIBERS; CRYSTALLIZATION
- Publication
Cellulose, 2014, Vol 21, Issue 4, p2479
- ISSN
0969-0239
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10570-014-0265-8