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- Title
Pinch Loss Ameliorates Obesity, Glucose Intolerance, and Fatty Liver by Modulating Adipocyte Apoptosis in Mice.
- Authors
Gao, Huanqing; Zhong, Yiming; Ding, Zhen; Lin, Sixiong; Hou, Xiaoting; Tang, Wanze; Zhou, Xiaoqian; Zou, Xuenong; Shao, Jie; Yang, Fan; Bai, Xiaochun; Liu, Chuanju; Cao, Huiling; Xiao, Guozhi
- Abstract
The mammalian focal adhesion proteins Pinch1/2 activate integrins and promote cell-extracellular matrix adhesion and migration; however, their roles in adipose tissue and metabolism are unclear. Here we find that high-fat diet (HFD) feeding dramatically increases expression of Pinch1/2 proteins in white adipose tissue (WAT) in mice. Furthermore, expression of Pinch1 is largely upregulated in WAT in leptin-deficient ob/ob type 2 diabetic mice and obese humans. While mice with loss of Pinch1 in adipocytes or global Pinch2 do not display any notable phenotypes, deleting Pinch1 in adipocytes and Pinch2 globally significantly decreases body weight and WAT mass, but not brown adipose tissue mass, in HFD-fed, but not normal chow diet-fed, mice. Pinch loss ameliorates HFD-induced glucose intolerance and fatty liver. After HFD challenge, Pinch loss slightly but significantly accelerates energy expenditure. While Pinch loss decreases adipocyte size and alters adipocyte size distribution, it greatly accelerates cell apoptosis primarily in epididymal WAT and to a lesser extent in subcutaneous WAT. In vitro studies demonstrate that Pinch loss accelerates adipocyte apoptosis by activating the Bim/Caspase-8 pathway. In vivo, genetic ablation of Caspase-8 expression in adipocytes essentially abolishes the ameliorating effects of Pinch deficiency on obesity, glucose intolerance, and fatty liver in mice. Thus, we demonstrate a previously unknown function of Pinch in control of adipose mass, glucose, and fat metabolism via modulation of adipocyte apoptosis. We may define a novel target for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes.
- Subjects
FAT cells; GLUCOSE intolerance; FATTY liver; WHITE adipose tissue; BROWN adipose tissue; PROTEIN metabolism; OBESITY; BIOCHEMISTRY; PROTEINS; RESEARCH; PHENOMENOLOGICAL biology; ANIMAL experimentation; RESEARCH methodology; APOPTOSIS; EVALUATION research; INSULIN; COMPARATIVE studies; ADIPONECTIN; AMPICILLIN; DISEASE susceptibility; MEMBRANE proteins; CARRIER proteins; MICE
- Publication
Diabetes, 2021, Vol 70, Issue 11, p2492
- ISSN
0012-1797
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.2337/db21-0392