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- Title
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor dusts from industrial factories, offices, and houses in northern Vietnam: Contamination characteristics and human exposure.
- Authors
Tran, Lieu Thi; Kieu, Tien Cao; Bui, Hien Minh; Nguyen, Nghia Trong; Nguyen, Thuy Thi Thu; Nguyen, Dat Tien; Nguyen, Trung Quang; Nguyen, Huong Thi Anh; Le, Tuyen Huu; Takahashi, Shin; Tu, Minh Binh; Hoang, Anh Quoc
- Abstract
Information about the occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dusts from various industrial sectors in Southeast Asia is still scarce. In this study, concentrations and congener-specific profiles of PBDEs were determined in indoor dusts from industrial factories, offices, and houses in northern Vietnam. Levels of Σ8PBDEs were higher in the office dusts (median 270; range 230–300 ng/g) and factory dusts (170; 89–510 ng/g) than in the house dusts (61; 25–140 ng/g). BDE-209 was the most dominant congener, accounting for 27–98% (average 62%) of Σ8PBDEs, suggesting the abundance of products treated with deca-BDE mixtures. Residential, commercial, and industrial activities in the studied locations of this survey were not significant sources of PBDEs as compared to those of informal waste processing activities in Vietnam. Relatively low PBDE concentrations detected in our dust samples partially reflect effectiveness of the global PBDE phase-out. Human exposure and health risk associated with dust-bound PBDEs were estimated, indicating acceptable levels of risk (i.e., neurobehavioral effects). The contributions of workplace dusts in total daily intake doses of PBDEs via dust ingestion were more important for local workers in informal recycling areas than factory workers and general population, raising the need of appropriate labor protection measures.
- Subjects
VIETNAM; SOUTHEAST Asia; POLYBROMINATED diphenyl ethers; DUST; DUST ingestion; INDUSTRIAL workers
- Publication
Environmental Geochemistry & Health, 2022, Vol 44, Issue 8, p2375
- ISSN
0269-4042
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10653-021-01026-6