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- Title
Phytochemical Composition and Antitumor Activities of New Salad Greens: Rucola (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) and Corn Salad (Valerianella locusta).
- Authors
Ramos-Bueno, R.; Rincón-Cervera, M.; González-Fernández, M.; Guil-Guerrero, J.; Ramos-Bueno, R P; Rincón-Cervera, M A; González-Fernández, M J; Guil-Guerrero, J L
- Abstract
D. tenuifolia and V. locusta, two greens, were analyzed for active compounds and antitumor actions on colorectal cancer cells. Phenolics were determined by UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS; carotenoids and glucosinolates by HPLC-MS; and sterols and fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). For antitumor effects, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) tests were run on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells, and in CCD-18 untransformed enterocyte cells. Six main carotenoids were identified in both vegetables, while total carotenoids accounted for 3520 and 2970 μg · g(-1) dry weight in D. tenuifolia and V. locusta, respectively. Six phenolics were detected in D. tenuifolia (68,600 μg · g(-1) dry weight) and five in V. locusta (139,000 μg · g(-1) dry weight). Three glucosinolates (GSL) were found in D. tenuifolia (1960 μg · g(-1) dry wt. total). Low-polarity extracts from V. locusta and D. tenuifolia showed IC50 ~ 150 and ~200 μg · mL(-1) on HT-29 cells, while both plants lacked actions on CCD-18 cells. V. locusta inhibited HT-29 cancer cells viability more efficiently than D. tenuiofolia, but induced less cytotoxicity. This work highlights the importance of functional foods for colorectal cancer prevention.
- Subjects
DIPLOTAXIS (Plants); CORN; SALADS; BOTANICAL chemistry; ANTINEOPLASTIC agents; TUMOR prevention; RECTUM tumors; COLON tumor prevention; CAROTENOID analysis; PHENOL analysis; FATTY acid analysis; STEROLS analysis; BRASSICACEAE; FLAVONOIDS; LEAVES; PLANTS; VEGETABLES; FUNCTIONAL foods; PHYTOCHEMICALS; PHARMACODYNAMICS
- Publication
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 2016, Vol 71, Issue 2, p197
- ISSN
0921-9668
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1007/s11130-016-0544-7