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- Title
A new blood group antigen is defined by anti- CD59, detected in a CD59-deficient patient.
- Authors
Anliker, Markus; Zabern, Inge; Höchsmann, Britta; Kyrieleis, Henriette; Dohna-Schwake, Christian; Flegel, Willy A.; Schrezenmeier, Hubert; Weinstock, Christof
- Abstract
Background CD59 is a cell surface glycoprotein of approximately 20 kDa limiting the lytic activity of the terminal complement complex C5b-9. Although CD59 is known as a red blood cell ( RBC) antigen defined by monoclonal antibodies, it so far has not been identified as a blood group antigen, since the description of a human alloantibody was missing. In this study we show the presence of an anti- CD59 in a patient affected by a homozygous CD59 deficiency. Study Design and Methods RBC CD59 and CD55 were determined by flow cytometry or by the column agglutination technique using monoclonal antisera. Commercially available His-tagged recombinant soluble CD59 protein was used to inhibit anti- CD59. Results Seven cases of an isolated CD59 deficiency due to three distinct null alleles of the CD59 gene have been published so far. Recently we described the CD59-null allele c.146del A in a young child of heterozygous parents. Her plasma contained an alloantibody directed against the high-prevalence RBC antigen CD59. The antibody specificity was identified using soluble recombinant human CD59 protein, which blocked the reactivity of the patient's antibody and of monoclonal anti- CD59 but not of monoclonal anti- CD55. In addition, RBC alloantibodies such as anti- K, anti- C, anti-c, or anti- Fya remained unaffected. Therefore, inhibition by recombinant CD59 is a useful diagnostic tool to detect alloantibodies in the presence of anti- CD59. Conclusion This is the first demonstration of a human anti- CD59 alloantibody, which defines CD59 as an RBC blood group antigen. CD59 represents a candidate for a new blood group system.
- Subjects
BLOOD group antigens; MEMBRANE glycoproteins; MONOCLONAL antibodies; HOMOZYGOSITY; ALLELES
- Publication
Transfusion, 2014, Vol 54, Issue 7, p1817
- ISSN
0041-1132
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/trf.12531