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- Title
Engineering and Visualization of Bacteria for Targeting Infarcted Myocardium.
- Authors
Le, Uyenchi N; Kim, Hyung-Seok; Kwon, Jin-Sook; Kim, Mi Yeon; Nguyen, Vu H; Jiang, Sheng Nan; Lee, Byeong-Il; Hong, Yeongjin; Shin, Myung Geun; Rhee, Joon Haeng; Bom, Hee-Seung; Ahn, Youngkeun; Gambhir, Sanjiv S; Choy, Hyon E; Min, Jung-Joon
- Abstract
Optimization of the specific affinity of cardiac delivery vector could significantly improve the efficiency of gene/protein delivery, yet no cardiac vectors to date have sufficient target specificity for myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we explored bacterial tropism for infarcted myocardium based on our previous observations that certain bacteria are capable of targeting the hypoxic regions in solid tumors. Out of several Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium strains, the S. typhimurium defective in the synthesis of ppGpp (ΔppGpp S. typhimurium) revealed accumulation and selective proliferation in the infarcted myocardium without spillover to noncardiac tissue. The Salmonellae that were engineered to express a variant of Renilla luciferase gene (RLuc8), under the control of the E. coli arabinose operon promoter (PBAD), selectively targeted and delivered RLuc8 in the infarcted myocardium only upon injection of L-arabinose. An examination of the infarct size before and after infection, and estimations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin indicated that intravenous injection of ΔppGpp S. typhimurium did not induce serious local or systemic immune reactions. This current proof-of-principle study demonstrates for the first time the capacity of Salmonellae to target infarcted myocardium and to serve as a vehicle for the selective delivery of therapeutic agents in MI.
- Subjects
MYOCARDIAL infarction; ESCHERICHIA coli; SALMONELLA typhimurium; RENILLA luciferase; C-reactive protein; INTRAVENOUS injections
- Publication
Molecular Therapy, 2011, Vol 19, Issue 5, p951
- ISSN
1525-0016
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/mt.2011.25