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- Title
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated to Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV-Infected Patients on HAART and Undetectable Viral Load in Brazil.
- Authors
Menezes, Andréia M.; Jr, Jorge Torelly; Real, Lúcia; Bay, Mônica; Poeta, Julia; Sprinz, Eduardo
- Abstract
Background: To determine the prevalence and associated factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a cohort of HIVpositive individuals with undetectable viral load on HAART. Methods: From March, 2009 to September 2009, 213 individuals between 18-70 years, period on HAART ⩾12 months, viral load , 50 copies/mm³, and CD4 ⩾ 200 cells/mm³, were consecutively enrolled at the outpatient clinic of Hospital de C&3x00ED;nicas, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Exclusion criteria were obesity, malnourishment, amputee, paraplegic, previous history of renal disease, pregnancy and hepatic insufficiency. Renal function was determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) assessed by the modification of diet in renal disease. CKD was defined as an eGFR less or equal than 60 ml/min/1.73 m², for a period of at least 3 months. Poisson regression was used to determine factors associated with CKD. Results: CKD was diagnosed in 8.4% of the population, and after adjustment, the risk factors were hypertension (RR = 3.88, 95%CI, 1.84-8.16), time on HAART (RR = 1.15, 95%CI,1.03-1.27) and tenofovir exposure (RR = 2.25, 95%CI, 1.04-4.95). Higher weight (RR = ,0.88 95%CI, 0.82-0.96) was associated to normal function. Conclusions: CKD was a common finding in this cohort of patients and was related to hypertension, time on HAART and tenofovir exposure. We suggest a more frequent monitoring of renal function, especially for those with risk factors to early identify renal impairment.
- Subjects
PORTO Alegre (Brazil); BRAZIL; KIDNEY diseases; HIV-positive persons; OBESITY; AMPUTEES; PEOPLE with paraplegia
- Publication
PLoS ONE, 2011, Vol 6, Issue 10, p1
- ISSN
1932-6203
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0026042