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- Title
Small Extracellular Vesicles' miRNAs: Biomarkers and Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- Authors
Lim, Wei Qing; Michelle Luk, Kie Hoon; Lee, Kah Yee; Nurul, Nasuha; Loh, Sin Jade; Yeow, Zhen Xiong; Wong, Qi Xuan; Daniel Looi, Qi Hao; Chong, Pan Pan; How, Chee Wun; Hamzah, Sharina; Foo, Jhi Biau
- Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are critical in the healthcare system as patients suffer from progressive diseases despite currently available drug management. Indeed, the growing ageing population will burden the country's healthcare system and the caretakers. Thus, there is a need for new management that could stop or reverse the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells possess a remarkable regenerative potential that has long been investigated to resolve these issues. Some breakthroughs have been achieved thus far to replace the damaged brain cells; however, the procedure's invasiveness has prompted scientists to investigate using stem-cell small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as a non-invasive cell-free therapy to address the limitations of cell therapy. With the advancement of technology to understand the molecular changes of neurodegenerative diseases, efforts have been made to enrich stem cells' sEVs with miRNAs to increase the therapeutic efficacy of the sEVs. In this article, the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative diseases is highlighted. The role of miRNAs from sEVs as biomarkers and treatments is also discussed. Lastly, the applications and delivery of stem cells and their miRNA-enriched sEVs for treating neurodegenerative diseases are emphasised and reviewed.
- Subjects
EXTRACELLULAR vesicles; NEURODEGENERATION; MICRORNA; DISEASE progression; STEM cells
- Publication
Pharmaceutics, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 4, p1216
- ISSN
1999-4923
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pharmaceutics15041216