We found a match
Your institution may have rights to this item. Sign in to continue.
- Title
Risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm births among 19,269 Tanzanian newborns.
- Authors
Muhihi, Alfa; Sudfeld, Christopher R.; Smith, Emily R.; Noor, Ramadhani A.; Mshamu, Salum; Briegleb, Christina; Bakari, Mohamed; Masanja, Honorati; Fawzi, Wafaie; Jean-Yee Chan, Grace; Chan, Grace Jean-Yee
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Few studies have differentiated risk factors for term-small for gestational age (SGA), preterm-appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and preterm-SGA, despite evidence of varying risk of child mortality and poor developmental outcomes.<bold>Methods: </bold>We analyzed birth outcome data from singleton infants, who were enrolled in a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of neonatal vitamin A supplementation conducted in Tanzania. SGA was defined as birth weight <10th percentile for gestation age and sex using INTERGROWTH standards and preterm birth as delivery at <37 complete weeks of gestation. Risk factors for term-SGA, preterm-AGA, and preterm-SGA were examined independently using log-binomial regression.<bold>Results: </bold>Among 19,269 singleton Tanzanian newborns included in this analysis, 68.3 % were term-AGA, 15.8 % term-SGA, 15.5 % preterm-AGA, and 0.3 % preterm-SGA. In multivariate analyses, significant risk factors for term-SGA included maternal age <20 years, starting antenatal care (ANC) in the 3(rd) trimester, short maternal stature, being firstborn, and male sex (all p < 0.05). Independent risk factors for preterm-AGA were maternal age <25 years, short maternal stature, firstborns, and decreased wealth (all p < 0.05). In addition, receiving ANC services in the 1(st) trimester significantly reduced the risk of preterm-AGA (p = 0.01). Significant risk factors for preterm-SGA included maternal age >30 years, being firstborn, and short maternal stature which appeared to carry a particularly strong risk (all p < 0.05).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Over 30 % of newborns in this large urban and rural cohort of Tanzanian newborns were born preterm and/or SGA. Interventions to promote early attendance to ANC services, reduce unintended young pregnancies, increased maternal height, and reduce poverty may significantly decrease the burden of SGA and preterm birth in sub-Saharan Africa.<bold>Trial Registration: </bold>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) - ACTRN12610000636055 , registered on 3(rd) August 2010.
- Subjects
TANZANIA; GESTATIONAL age; PREMATURE infant physiology; BIRTH weight; NEWBORN infants; PRENATAL care; THERAPEUTIC use of vitamin A; VITAMIN therapy; BIRTH size; COMPARATIVE studies; MATERNAL age; PREMATURE infants; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; MULTIVARIATE analysis; DURATION of pregnancy; REGRESSION analysis; RESEARCH; STATURE; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; EVALUATION research; BLIND experiment; PREVENTION
- Publication
BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth, 2016, Vol 16, p1
- ISSN
1471-2393
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1186/s12884-016-0900-5