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- Title
The Neuroimmunomodulatory Peptide α-MSH.
- Authors
ICHIYAMA, TAKASHI; SATO, SOICHIRO; OKADA, KUNIYUKI; CATANIA, ANNA; LIPTON, JAMES M.
- Abstract
A bstract: Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a neuroimmunomodulatory peptide of ancient origin, is known to be involved in the control of host responses. In inflammatory cells, in the periphery and within the central nervous system, α-MSH modulates the production and action of proinflammatory cytokines. This broad influence occurs via endogenous α-MSH (melanocortin) receptors. The key to this anti-inflammatory influence is inhibition of NF-κB. Indeed α-MSH inhibits activation of this nuclear factor through preservation of IκBα, which binds to NF-κB and prevents its migration to the nucleus. Cells transfected with α-MSH plasmid vector are resistant to challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The peptide also act on central melanocortin receptors to modulate inflammation in the periphery. In brief, α-MSH and certain of its fragments such as α-MSH [11-13] KPV modulate inflammation via three general actions: direct actions on peripheral host cells; actions on inflammatory cells within the brain to modulate local reactions; and descending neural anti-inflammatory pathways that control inflammation in peripheral tissues.
- Publication
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2000, Vol 917, Issue 1, p221
- ISSN
0077-8923
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05386.x