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- Title
Sulfurization induced surface constitution and its correlation to the performance of solution-processed Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSn(S,Se)<sub>4</sub> solar cells.
- Authors
Jie Zhong; Zhe Xia; Miao Luo; Juan Zhao; Jie Chen; Liang Wang; Xinsheng Liu; Ding-Jiang Xue; Yi-Bing Cheng; Haisheng Song; Jiang Tang
- Abstract
To obtain high photovoltaic performances for the emerging copper zinc tin sulfide/selenide (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells, much effort has deservedly been placed on CZTSSe phase purification and CZTSSe grain size enhancement. Another highly crucial but less explored factor for device performance is the elemental constitution of CZTSSe surface, which is at the heart of p-n junction where major photogenerated carriers generate and separate. In this work we demonstrate that, despite the well-built phase and large grained films are observed by common phases and morphology characterization (XRD, Raman and SEM), prominent device efficiency variations from short circuited to 6.4% are obtained. Insight study highlights that the surface (0-250 nm) compositions variation results in different bulk defect depths and doping densities in the depletion zone. We propose that suitable sulfurization (at ~10 kPa sulfur pressure) drives optimization of surface constitution by managing the Cu, Zn and Sn diffusion and surface reaction. Therefore, our study reveals that the balance of elemental diffusion and interface reactions is the key to tuning the surface quality CZTSSe film and thus the performance of as resulted devices.
- Subjects
SULFIDE synthesis; SULFIDE minerals; SOLAR cells; SOLAR heating; REGENERATION (Biology); ELECTRONIC equipment
- Publication
Scientific Reports, 2014, p1
- ISSN
2045-2322
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/srep06288