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- Title
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study in Caracas, Venezuela.
- Authors
Forero-Peña, David A.; Carrión-Nessi, Fhabián S.; Forero-Peña, José L.; Camejo-Ávila, Natasha A.; Mendoza-Millán, Daniela L.; Omaña-Ávila, Óscar D.; Maricuto, Andrea L.; Velásquez, Viledy L.; Mejía-Bernard, Mario D.; Rodriguez-Saavedra, Carlis M.; Marcano-Rojas, María V.; Contreras, Yoesmir; Guerra, Luis J.; Alvarado, María F.; Carballo, Martín; Caldera, Jocays; Guevara, Rafael N.; Redondo, María C.; Landaeta, María E.
- Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted multiple health services, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, care, and treatment services, jeopardizing the achievement of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 global target. While there are limited studies assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Latin America, there are none, to our knowledge, in Venezuela. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among PLHIV seen at the outpatient clinic of a reference hospital in Venezuela. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among PLHIV aged 18 years and over seen at the Infectious Diseases Department of the University Hospital of Caracas, Venezuela between March 2021 and February 2022. Results: A total of 238 PLHIV were included in the study. The median age was 43 (IQR 31–55) years, and the majority were male (68.9%). Most patients (88.2%, n = 210) came for routine check-ups, while 28 (11.3%) were newly diagnosed. The majority of patients (96.1%) were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), but only 67.8% had a viral load test, with almost all (95.6%) being undetectable. Among those who attended regular appointments, 11.9% reported missing at least one medical consultation, and 3.3% reported an interruption in their ART refill. More than half of the patients (55.5%) had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, while the rest expressed hesitancy to get vaccinated. Most patients with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were male (65.1%), younger than 44 years (57.5%), employed (47.2%), and had been diagnosed with HIV for less than one year (33%). However, no statistically significant differences were found between vaccinated patients and those with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Older age was a risk factor for missing consultations, while not having an alcoholic habit was identified as a protective factor against missing consultations. Conclusion: This study found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a limited impact on adherence to medical consultations and interruptions in ART among PLHIV seen at the University Hospital of Caracas, Venezuela.
- Subjects
VENEZUELA; CARACAS (Venezuela); HIV-positive persons; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19; VACCINE hesitancy; JOINT United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; HIV; COMMUNICABLE diseases
- Publication
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2024, Vol 24, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1471-2334
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12879-023-08967-6