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- Title
Detection of bromate in packaged drinking water and its removal using polyelectrolyte multilayer membranes.
- Authors
C.S., Shalumon; C.T., Aravindakumar; K. Aravind, Usha
- Abstract
The use of bottled water is increasing every day even after the reported presence of microbial and other contaminants. The present study analyzed bromate in bottled water samples collected from four major cities in Kerala, India. It was found that about 40% of the samples contain bromate with a maximum concentration of 9.68 μg/L with an average of 1.56 μg/L. The study also includes the development of a multilayer membrane for the removal of bromate from water. Bilayers of quaternary chitosan salt (QCS)/sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) were deposited on polyethersulfone (PES) microfiltration membrane and which are employed for bromate removal studies. Deposition of six bilayers of QCS/PSS increased the rejection efficiency from ∼4% to ∼84%. The influence of different fabrication and feed parameters on bromate removal efficiency was also studied. Six bilayers of QCS/PSS deposited at pH 2 with 0.5 M NaCl were found to be effective in removing > 90% of bromate from marketed bottled water samples with low energy expense. This study is recommended to implement such a multilayer system as a polishing step in the final stage of water purification in bottling plants to avoid possible contamination and toxicity of bromate in bottled water users.
- Subjects
INDIA; BROMATES; DRINKING water; WATER treatment plants; BROMATE removal (Water purification); BOTTLED water; WATER use; WATER purification equipment
- Publication
Environmental Quality Management, 2021, Vol 30, Issue 4, p101
- ISSN
1088-1913
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/tqem.21741