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- Title
Desinformación y migración venezolana. El caso Ecuador.
- Authors
Sánchez Moscoso, Agustín Alexander; Candela, Sabrina; Torres-Toukoumidis, Angel
- Abstract
According to the World Bank (2020) in 2019 more than 4 million Venezuelans migrated to other Latin American countries. This exodus has led to a media reinforcement of exclusion overloaded with symptoms of xenophobia and aporophobia (Perilla, 2020). Meanwhile, recognizing the proclivity of the media, which are themselves immersed in the era of disinformation, they have polarized the sensationalist discourse towards social phenomena such as migration, thus affecting the behavior of the population towards Venezuelans (Corzo, 2020; Magallon-Rosa, 2021). Admitting this situation, one of the most important tools to combat disinformation has been fact-checking agencies (Torres-Toukoumidis, Lagares-DÃez and Barredo-Ibáñez 2021). This study will focus specifically on one of them, Ecuador Chequea, an Ecuadorian agency endorsed by Poynter, International Fact-Checking Network. Its object of study will be news about Venezuelans. The general objective of this research aims to analyze the news extracted by Ecuador Chequea on Venezuelan migration; three specific objectives are derived from there: [SO1] to determine the classification of fake news about Venezuelans; [SO2] to systematize a detailed review of the source, subject matter, audiovisual material, context and language. Based on the language, the third objective [OE3] is to identify the approach imbued with a positive discourse or hate speech in the news selected by the verification agency. For this purpose, 71 news items were extracted between 2018 to 2021, applying for their review through a content analysis directed towards the categories established by Pérez- Curiel (2021) referred to media, authorship, qualitative variables and discursive variables, together with those presented by Aedo and Farias (2009) regarding xenophobic discourse. The three objectives proposed to allow reaffirm the role of fact-checking agencies on a current phenomenon and facilitate the understanding of the Venezuelan migratory exodus in terms of its general characterizations and its discourse advocated in the news. According to the World Bank (2020) in 2019 more than 4 million Venezuelans migrated to other Latin American countries. This exodus has led to a media reinforcement of exclusion overloaded with symptoms of xenophobia and aporophobia (Perilla, 2020). Meanwhile, recognizing the proclivity of the media, which are themselves immersed in the era of disinformation, they have polarized the sensationalist discourse towards social phenomena such as migration, thus affecting the behavior of the population towards Venezuelans (Corzo, 2020; Magallon-Rosa, 2021). Admitting this situation, one of the most important tools to combat disinformation has been fact-checking agencies (Torres-Toukoumidis, Lagares-Díez and Barredo-Ibáñez 2021). This study will focus specifically on one of them, Ecuador Chequea, an Ecuadorian agency endorsed by Poynter, International Fact-Checking Network. Its object of study will be news about Venezuelans. The general objective of this research aims to analyze the news extracted by Ecuador Chequea on Venezuelan migration; three specific objectives are derived from there: [SO1] to determine the classification of fake news about Venezuelans; [SO2] to systematize a detailed review of the source, subject matter, audiovisual material, context and language. Based on the language, the third objective [OE3] is to identify the approach imbued with a positive discourse or hate speech in the news selected by the verification agency. For this purpose, 71 news items were extracted between 2018 to 2021, applying for their review through a content analysis directed towards the categories established by Pérez- Curiel (2021) referred to media, authorship, qualitative variables and discursive variables, together with those presented by Aedo and Farias (2009) regarding xenophobic discourse. The three objectives proposed to allow reaffirm the role of fact-checking agencies on a current phenomenon and facilitate the understanding of the Venezuelan migratory exodus in terms of its general characterizations and its discourse advocated in the news.
- Subjects
VENEZUELA; AUDIOVISUAL materials; FAKE news; HATE speech; SOCIAL facts; DISINFORMATION
- Publication
Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación, 2022, Vol 26, Issue 161, p107
- ISSN
1668-0227
- Publication type
Article