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- Title
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, PTSD, and Psychosocial Functioning Among Male and Female U.S. OEF/OIF Veterans.
- Authors
Jackson, Colleen E.; Green, Jonathan D.; Bovin, Michelle J.; Vasterling, Jennifer J.; Holowka, Darren W.; Ranganathan, Gayatri; Rosen, Raymond C.; Keane, Terence M.; Marx, Brian P.
- Abstract
This study examined the unique and combined relationship between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with psychosocial functioning in a cohort of 1,312 U.S. male and female veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Iraqi Freedom (OIF) enrolled in the Veterans After-Discharge Longitudinal Registry (Project VALOR). We assessed mTBI with structured screening questions reflective of current TBI classification standards and PTSD via the SCID-IV PTSD module; all other variables were assessed by self-report questionnaires. We identified significant diagnostic group differences in psychosocial functioning for both sexes. Individuals with PTSD, with or without a history of mTBI, reported significantly worse psychosocial functioning than individuals with mTBI alone or neither mTBI nor PTSD (males, η(2) p = .11, p < .001; females, η(2) p = .14, p < .001), even after adjusting for demographics and severity of chronic pain. The results suggested that veterans experiencing PTSD, regardless of whether they had a history of mTBI, were at increased risk for long-term psychosocial impairment. Further research examining possible benefits from improved access to resources and treatment to address these needs would be valuable.
- Subjects
UNITED States; POST-traumatic stress disorder; BRAIN injuries; PSYCHOSOCIAL factors; VETERANS; CRANIOCEREBRAL injuries; BRAIN concussion; DEMOGRAPHY; LONGITUDINAL method; SELF-evaluation; PSYCHOLOGY of veterans; PSYCHOLOGY
- Publication
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2016, Vol 29, Issue 4, p309
- ISSN
0894-9867
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1002/jts.22110