We found a match
Your institution may have rights to this item. Sign in to continue.
- Title
Performance of plasma Aβ42/40, measured using a fully automated immunoassay, across a broad patient population in identifying amyloid status.
- Authors
Bun, Shogyoku; Ito, Daisuke; Tezuka, Toshiki; Kubota, Masahito; Ueda, Ryo; Takahata, Keisuke; Moriguchi, Sho; Kurose, Shin; Momota, Yuki; Suzuki, Natsumi; Morimoto, Ayaka; Hoshino, Yuka; Seki, Morinobu; Mimura, Yu; Shikimoto, Ryo; Yamamoto, Yasuharu; Hoshino, Takayuki; Sato, Yoshiaki; Tabuchi, Hajime; Mimura, Masaru
- Abstract
Background: Plasma biomarkers have emerged as promising screening tools for Alzheimer's disease (AD) because of their potential to detect amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain. One such candidate is the plasma Aβ42/40 ratio (Aβ42/40). Unlike previous research that used traditional immunoassay, recent studies that measured plasma Aβ42/40 using fully automated platforms reported promising results. However, its utility should be confirmed using a broader patient population, focusing on the potential for early detection. Methods: We recruited 174 participants, including healthy controls (HC) and patients with clinical diagnoses of AD, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson's disease, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and others, from a university memory clinic. We examined the performance of plasma Aβ42/40, measured using the fully automated high-sensitivity chemiluminescence enzyme (HISCL) immunoassay, in detecting amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET)-derived Aβ pathology. We also compared its performance with that of Simoa-based plasma phosphorylated tau at residue 181 (p-tau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL). Results: Using the best cut-off derived from the Youden Index, plasma Aβ42/40 yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.949 in distinguishing visually assessed 18F-Florbetaben amyloid PET positivity. The plasma Aβ42/40 had a significantly superior AUC than p-tau181, GFAP, and NfL in the 167 participants with measurements for all four biomarkers. Next, we analyzed 99 participants, including only the HC and those with MCI, and discovered that plasma Aβ42/40 outperformed the other plasma biomarkers, suggesting its ability to detect early amyloid accumulation. Using the Centiloid scale (CL), Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between plasma Aβ42/40 and CL was -0.767. Among the 15 participants falling within the CL values indicative of potential future amyloid accumulation (CL between 13.5 and 35.7), plasma Aβ42/40 categorized 61.5% (8/13) as Aβ-positive, whereas visual assessment of amyloid PET identified 20% (3/15) as positive. Conclusion: Plasma Aβ42/40 measured using the fully automated HISCL platform showed excellent performance in identifying Aβ accumulation in the brain in a well-characterized cohort. This equipment may be useful for screening amyloid pathology because it has the potential to detect early amyloid pathology and is readily applied in clinical settings.
- Subjects
MILD cognitive impairment; CEREBRAL amyloid angiopathy; GLIAL fibrillary acidic protein; AMYLOID; RECEIVER operating characteristic curves; FRONTOTEMPORAL lobar degeneration; ALZHEIMER'S disease
- Publication
Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1758-9193
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s13195-023-01296-5