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- Title
Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Subclinical Cardiac Injury: An Observational Analysis From the DASH Trial.
- Authors
Juraschek, Stephen P.; Kovell, Lara C.; Appel, Lawrence J.; Miller III, Edgar R.; Sacks, Frank M.; Christenson, Robert H.; Rebuck, Heather; Chang, Alexander R.; Mukamal, Kenneth J.; Miller, Edgar R 3rd
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>The DASH diet has been found to lower blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.<bold>Objective: </bold>To compare diets rich in fruits and vegetables with a typical American diet in their effects on cardiovascular injury in middle-aged adults without known preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD).<bold>Design: </bold>Observational study based on a 3-group, parallel-design, randomized trial conducted in the United States from 1994 to 1996. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00000544).<bold>Setting: </bold>3 of the 4 original clinical trial centers.<bold>Participants: </bold>326 of the original 459 trial participants with available stored specimens.<bold>Intervention: </bold>Participants were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of monitored feeding with a control diet typical of what many Americans eat; a diet rich in fruits and vegetables but otherwise similar to the control diet; or the DASH diet, which is rich in fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, and fiber and has low levels of saturated fat and cholesterol. Weight was kept constant throughout feeding.<bold>Measurements: </bold>Biomarkers collected at baseline and 8 weeks: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).<bold>Results: </bold>The mean age of participants was 45.2 years, 48% were women, 49% were black, and mean baseline BP was 131/85 mm Hg. Compared with the control diet, the fruit-and-vegetable diet reduced hs-cTnI levels by 0.5 ng/L (95% CI, -0.9 to -0.2 ng/L) and NT-proBNP levels by 0.3 pg/mL (CI, -0.5 to -0.1 pg/mL). Compared with the control diet, the DASH diet reduced hs-cTnI levels by 0.5 ng/L (CI, -0.9 to -0.1 ng/L) and NT-proBNP levels by 0.3 pg/mL (CI, -0.5 to -0.04 pg/mL). Levels of hs-CRP did not differ among diets. None of the markers differed between the fruit-and-vegetable and DASH diets.<bold>Limitation: </bold>Short duration, missing specimens, and an inability to isolate the effects of specific foods or micronutrients.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Diets rich in fruits and vegetables given over 8 weeks were associated with lower levels of markers for subclinical cardiac damage and strain in adults without preexisting CVD.<bold>Primary Funding Source: </bold>National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
- Subjects
NATIONAL Institutes of Health (U.S.); CHOLESTEROL content of food; DASH diet; ELEMENTAL diet; REDUCING diets; MIDDLE-aged persons; TROPONIN I; HYPOTENSION; C-reactive protein; BLOOD pressure; RESEARCH; RESEARCH methodology; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases; RETROSPECTIVE studies; PROTEIN precursors; EVALUATION research; MEDICAL cooperation; LOW-fat diet; COMPARATIVE studies; RESEARCH funding; PEPTIDE hormones; PEPTIDES
- Publication
Annals of Internal Medicine, 2020, Vol 172, Issue 12, p786
- ISSN
0003-4819
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.7326/M20-0336