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- Title
Forty-two-years later: the outcome of childhood-onset schizophrenia.
- Authors
Remschmidt, H.; Martin, M.; Fleischhaker, C.; Theisen, F. M.; Hennighausen, K.; Gutenbrunner, C.; Schulz, E.
- Abstract
This paper describes the long-term course of 76 patients who had been consecutively admitted to the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Philipps University, between 1920 and 1961 with a suspected diagnosis of childhood-onset schizophrenia. By means of a consensus analysis of available data in accordance with ICD-10 criteria, the diagnosis of schizophrenia was confirmed in only 50% of the original sample ( n = 38, childhood-onset schizophrenia group); whereas the rest of the sample were allotted other diagnoses ( n = 38, non-schizophrenia group). A follow-up investigation was conducted, interviewing all available patients, if possible, or their first-degree relatives or doctors. In the childhood-onset schizophrenia group, age at onset (mean ± S.D.) was 12.7 ± 2.5 (range 5–14) years and age at follow-up was 55.0 ± 4.8 (range 42–62) years. The outcome of this group was poor. According to the Global Assessment Scale (GAS), only 16% had a good (GAS score 71–100) and 24% had a moderate (GAS score 41–70) outcome. In the 16 childhood-onset schizophrenia patients who could be personally investigated at follow-up, 10 (62.5%) displayed severe or moderate depressive symptoms according to the BPRS depressive score. The death rate (including suicide) was significantly higher in the schizophrenia group ( n = 15; 39.5%) than in the non-schizophrenia group ( n = 7; 18.4%). A comparison of the life-time diagnoses of the total sample ( n = 76) at follow-up with the ICD-10 diagnoses made retrospectively revealed a diagnostic stability in 69 (91%) and a change of diagnosis in 7 (9%) cases, among them 4 who were originally diagnosed as having childhood-onset schizophrenia.
- Subjects
SCHIZOPHRENIA in children; DIAGNOSIS; PEOPLE with schizophrenia; MENTAL depression; DEATH rate
- Publication
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2007, Vol 114, Issue 4, p505
- ISSN
0300-9564
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00702-006-0553-z