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- Title
Investigation of ballast water quality in onne harbor-physiochemical assessment.
- Authors
Nwigwe, T. I.; Kiyokazu, M.
- Abstract
The non-compliance of ballast water management is a global concern due to the environmental risks associated with the transfer of harmful organism and sediment contaminant in ballast water. This study examined the physicochemical parameters of ballast water samples collected from selected ships docked in the Onne river with the aim of investigating the ballast water compliance and heavy metal concentration content. The investigated parameters include, temperature, salinity, total suspended solids, hydrogen ions concentration, dissolved oxygen, and heavy metals. The result shows varying concentration of parameters and total concentration of heavy metals, in increasing order from ship 4 > ship 3 > ship 2 > ship 1 (27.897 > 20.941 > 16.636 > 16.586) and according to the distance from the loading ports to ships destination port. The highest concentration of heavy metals was recorded for Zinc (Zn) (S4 = 6.820, S = 5.080, S = 6.050 and S1 = 3.500) and lead (Pd) (S4 = 21.010, S3 = 15.800, S2 = 10.550, S1 = 12.500). The analytical results revealed a complex parameter, the salinity and dissolved oxygen were higher in samples collected from offshore vessels and general cargo ships but decreased substantially with other samples and traced to certain reasons. This study shows the need for policy makers and maritime regulators to constantly monitor the qualities of ballast water discharged in the Nigeria ports and developing management strategy towards achieving BWM compliance in ships dock in the port.
- Subjects
NIGERIA; BALLAST water; HARBORS; WATER quality; TOTAL suspended solids; CARGO ships; HYDROGEN-ion concentration; WATER quality monitoring
- Publication
International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology (IJEST), 2023, Vol 20, Issue 12, p13799
- ISSN
1735-1472
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s13762-023-04958-x