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- Title
Characterization and Involvement of Exosomes Originating from Chikungunya Virus-Infected Epithelial Cells in the Transmission of Infectious Viral Elements.
- Authors
Le, Bao Chi Thi; Burassakarn, Ati; Tongchai, Panwad; Ekalaksananan, Tipaya; Aromseree, Sirinart; Phanthanawiboon, Supranee; Polsan, Yada; Alexander, Neal; Overgaard, Hans J.; Pientong, Chamsai
- Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that affects the world's popula-tion with chikungunya disease. Adaptation of the viral life cycle to their host cells' environment is a key step for establishing their infection and pathogenesis. Recently, the accumulating evidence advocates a principal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, in both the infection and pathogenesis of infectious diseases. However, the participation of exosomes in CHIKV infec-tion and transmission is not well clarified. Here, we demonstrated that the CHIKV RNA and pro-teins were captured in exosomes, which were released by viral-infected epithelial cells. A viral genomic element in the isolated exosomes was infectious to naïve mammalian epithelial cells. The assay of particle size distribution and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed CHIKV-derived exosomes with a size range from 50 to 250 nm. Treatments with RNase A, Triton X-100, and immunoglobulin G antibodies from CHIKV-positive patient plasma indicated that in-fectious viral elements are encompassed inside the exosomes. Interestingly, our viral plaque for-mation also exhibited that infectious viral elements might be securely transmitted to neighboring cells by a secreted exosomal pathway. Taken together, our recent findings emphasize the evidence for a complementary means of CHIKV infection and suggest the role of exosome-mediated CHIKV transmission.
- Subjects
EXOSOMES; EPITHELIAL cells; CHIKUNGUNYA; VIRAL transmission; RIBONUCLEASE A; EXTRACELLULAR vesicles; LIFE cycles (Biology)
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, Vol 23, Issue 20, p12117
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms232012117