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- Title
Weathered Coal-Immobilized Microbial Materials as a Highly Efficient Adsorbent for the Removal of Lead.
- Authors
Jiao, Zile; Gao, Chunhua; Li, Jianhua; Lu, Jinjing; Wang, Juan; Li, Lin; Chen, Xiaojing
- Abstract
Most research on immobilized microorganisms employs biomass charcoal as a carrier, but limited studies explore coal-based resources for microbial immobilization. Herein, lead-resistant functional strains were immobilized using weathered coal as a carrier, resulting in the development of a weathered coal-immobilized microbial material (JK-BW) exhibiting high efficiency in lead removal from solutions. A quadratic polynomial model for the adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of JK-BW on Pb2+ was developed using the Box-Behnken method to determine the optimal adsorption conditions. The Pb2+ adsorption mechanism of JK-BW was studied through batch adsorption and desorption experiments along with SEM-EDS, BET, FT-IR, and XPS analyses. Findings indicated that optimal conditions were identified at 306 K temperature, 0.36 g/L adsorbent dosage, and 300 mg/L initial solution concentration, achieving a peak adsorption performance of 338.9 mg/g (308 K) for the immobilized material, surpassing free cell adsorption by 3.8 times. Even after four cycles of repeated use, the material maintained its high adsorption capacity. Pb2+ adsorption by JK-BW involved monolayer chemisorption with ion exchange, complexation, precipitation, physical adsorption, and microbial intracellular phagocytosis. Ion exchange accounted for 22–42% and complexation accounted for 39–57% of the total adsorption mechanisms, notably involving exchanges with K, Ca, Na, and Mg ions as well as complexation with –OH, –COOH, CO–OH, –COOH, CO–, NH2, and the β-ring of pyridine for Pb2+ adsorption.
- Subjects
LEAD; WATER purification; PHYSISORPTION; CHARCOAL; ADSORPTION capacity; ION exchange (Chemistry); CALCIUM ions; CHEMISORPTION
- Publication
Molecules, 2024, Vol 29, Issue 3, p660
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules29030660