We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Potential mechanisms of exercise in maintaining skin homeostasis disrupted by protein deficiency (Review).
- Authors
Kastella, Faysal; Tarawan, Vita Murniati; Setiawan, Iwan; Gunawan, Decky; Jasaputra, Diana Krisanti; Goenawan, Hanna; Gunadi, Julia Windi; Lesmana, Ronny
- Abstract
Skin homeostasis processes can be negatively affected by protein deficiency, which can cause the thinning of the epidermis and decrease collagen production in the dermis. It has been proven that exercise has benefits for skin health; however, the mechanisms of exercise as regards skin homeostasis and regeneration caused by protein deficiency are not yet fully understood. The present narrative review focuses on the potential mechanisms of exercise in maintaining skin homeostasis disrupted by protein deficiency, predominantly with the processes that take place in the epidermis and dermis. Normal homeostasis can be disrupted by protein deficiency, which is associated with histological, physiological and metabolic changes that may lead to organ impairment. Protein malnutrition may decrease the number of epidermal stem cells, which leads to epidermal thinning. Nevertheless, protein deprivation decreases the mRNA and protein levels of collagenase. This process decreases dermal collagen levels. Exercise promotes the excretion of certain cytokines and the expression of certain genes that function in skin tissue regeneration, which include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α, transforming growth factor-β1, matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin (IL)-5, IL-15 and sirtuin-6, and inhibits C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10. These genes affect skin tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Exercise can also enhance blood flow by increasing angiogenesis, and stimulating vasodilation to supply oxygen and nutrients. This is a vital factor in the synthesis of collagen. Moreover, exercise can modulate some pathways and stimulate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, contributing to skin regeneration and the healing process.
- Subjects
HOMEOSTASIS; PROTEIN deficiency; SKIN regeneration; TRANSFORMING growth factors; BLOOD flow; VASODILATION; PEROXISOME proliferator-activated receptors
- Publication
World Academy of Sciences Journal, 2024, Vol 6, Issue 3, pN.PAG
- ISSN
2632-2900
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3892/wasj.2024.235