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- Title
Severe Lymphopenia as a Predictor of COVID-19 Mortality in Immunosuppressed Patients.
- Authors
Martínez-Urbistondo, María; Gutiérrez-Rojas, Ángela; Andrés, Ane; Gutiérrez, Isabel; Escudero, Gabriela; García, Sonia; Gutiérrez, Andrea; Sánchez, Enrique; Herráiz, Jesús; De La Fuente, Sara; Callejas, Alejandro; De Mendoza, Carmen; Moreno-Torres, Víctor
- Abstract
Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a high mortality in certain group of patients. We analysed the impact of baseline immunosuppression in COVID-19 mortality and the role of severe lymphopenia in immunocompromised subjects. Methods. We analysed all patients admitted with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital in Madrid between March 1st and April 30th 2020. Epidemiological and clinical data, including severe lymphopenia (<500 lymphocytes/mm3) during admission, were analysed and compared based on their baseline immunosuppression condition. Results. A total of 1594 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were hospitalised during the study period. 166 (10.4%) were immunosuppressed. Immunocompromised patients were younger (64 vs. 67 years, p = 0.02) but presented higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, heart, neurological, lung, kidney and liver disease (p < 0.05). They showed more severe lymphopenia (53% vs 24.1%, p < 0.001), lower SapO2/FiO2 ratios (251 vs 276, p = 0.02) during admission and higher mortality rates (27.1% vs 13.5%, p < 0.001). After adjustment, immunosuppression remained as an independent factor related to mortality (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.24, p < 0.001). In the immunosuppressed group, age (OR = 1.06, p = 0.01), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR = 12.27, p = 0.017) and severe lymphopenia (OR = 3.48, p = 0.04) were the factors related to high mortality rate. Conclusion. Immunosuppression is an independent mortality risk factor in COVID-19. Severe lymphopenia should be promptly identified in these patients.
- Subjects
MADRID (Spain); LYMPHOPENIA; COVID-19; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED patients; MORTALITY risk factors; ADULT respiratory distress syndrome
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021, Vol 10, Issue 16, p3595
- ISSN
2077-0383
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/jcm10163595