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- Title
Perjanjian Anglo-Siam 1909: Pengukuhan Imperialisme British dan Liabiliti kepada Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu, 1909-1920.
- Authors
MOKHTAR, MOHD SHAZWAN
- Abstract
This article examines the effect of the Anglo-Siamese Treaty 1909 on the British intervention in the Northern Malay States (NMS) and its impact on the Federated Malay States' (FMS) financial liability. The position of NMS, which possessed the state government autonomy, is often used as an argument that NMS are the independent states. However, the British intervention through the appointment of agent and advisors raises questions: What is the British jurisdiction in the NMS? Besides, Article 4 of Anglo-Siamese Treaty directly involved the FMS to strengthen the British influence in Southern Siam and the NMS by implementing the 1909 FMS-Siamese Railway Treaty. The British Government made the FMS indebtedness to the Siamese Government for the concurrence of such Treaty. The involvement of the FMS in such an arrangement raises a question, how the FMS-Siamese Railway Agreement benefited the British interests? The study used historical methodology by collecting primary sources from Colonial Office, FMS Government and the British High Commissioner's Office. The study found that the British used both agreements as imperial strategies to restrain the foreign power's advancement in the southern of Siam. After the ratification of the Anglo-Siamese Treaty, the British possessed administrative authority of the NMS by retaining the sultan position as the sovereign ruler. The consolidation of such imperialism provided the British with an opportunity to develop Malaya's imperial communication networks. The British gained benefits in controlling the economic resources in southern Siam and the NMS; profiting from the FMS government's loan interest; connecting the imperial wireless communication with the Malayan telegraph stations.
- Subjects
THAILAND; MALAYSIA; RATIFICATION of treaties; TELECOMMUNICATION systems; BRITISH colonies; GOVERNMENT lending; WIRELESS communications
- Publication
Akademika, 2021, Vol 91, Issue 3, p155
- ISSN
0126-5008
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.17576/akad-2021-9103-13