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- Title
Mediterranean Diet Influence on SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Adverse Reaction: Friend or Foe?
- Authors
Gualtieri, Paola; Frank, Giulia; Cianci, Rossella; Smeriglio, Antonella; Alibrandi, Angela; Di Renzo, Laura; Trombetta, Domenico
- Abstract
Background: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has long been recognized for its health-promoting attributes, with proven benefits in preventing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. During the global COVID-19 pandemic, MedDiet's potential to mitigate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection gained attention. This study aims to investigate the interplay among MedDiet adherence, immune system response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and potential sex-related variations. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted through collecting data from a web survey for the Italian population. Adherence to the MedDiet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS); in addition, COVID-19 symptoms and vaccination details were also obtained. Results: Significant associations between MedDiet adherence, COVID-19 symptoms, and vaccine-related side effects were observed. Notably, females demonstrated distinct responses, reporting lymph node enlargement and a different prevalence and severity of vaccine side effects compared to males. Conclusions: This study highlights the protective role of the MedDiet against COVID-19 and emphasizes the relevance of sex-specific responses in vaccination outcomes according to MEDAS score.
- Subjects
ITALY; PATIENT compliance; LYMPH nodes; MEDITERRANEAN diet; RESEARCH funding; SEX distribution; SCIENTIFIC observation; QUESTIONNAIRES; COVID-19 vaccines; IMMUNE system; RETROSPECTIVE studies; DISEASE prevalence; HYPERTROPHY; MEDICAL records; ACQUISITION of data; COVID-19
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 12, p1846
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16121846