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- Title
Fecal Calprotectin in Self-Reported Milk Intolerance: Not Only Lactose Intolerance.
- Authors
Seidita, Aurelio; Mansueto, Pasquale; Giuliano, Alessandra; Chiavetta, Marta; Soresi, Maurizio; Carroccio, Antonio
- Abstract
The hypothesis is that inflammatory/allergic conditions should be considered in self-reported milk intolerance (SRMI) patients who test negative and/or are asymptomatic at Lactose Hydrogen Breath Test (LHBT). We analyzed fecal calprotectin (FCP) values in SRMI patients to investigate the frequency of a "positive" intestinal inflammation marker and its correlation with lactose tolerance/intolerance. Data from 329 SRMI patients were retrospectively analyzed; according to the positive/negative results (maldigester/digester) and the presence/absence of symptoms reported during LHBT (intolerant/tolerant), patients were divided into: 'lactose tolerants' (n. 104), 'maldigesters/intolerants' (n. 187), 'digesters/intolerants' (n. 38). FCP values were analyzed in all three subgroups. A percentage of SRMI patients complained of constipation (>15%), extraintestinal symptoms (>30% including anemia), multiple food hypersensitivity (7.6%) and had intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltration at duodenal biopsy (>50%). Over 50.0% showed FCP values above the normal limit. Lactose tolerants and maldigesters/intolerants had higher positivity frequencies (p < 0.0001, for both) and absolute values (p = 0.04, for maldigesters/intolerants) of FCP compared to digesters/intolerants. FCP was not useful to differentiate tolerant from intolerant subjects (AUC 0.58). Our data suggest the existence of an allergic/inflammatory pathogenetic mechanism in a subset of SRMI subjects. FCP results are in keeping with this hypothesis, even if they cannot differentiate lactose tolerant from intolerant patients.
- Subjects
FECAL analysis; MILK allergy; BIOMARKERS; NERVE tissue proteins; CATTLE; SELF-evaluation; FOOD intolerance; INFLAMMATION; LACTOSE intolerance; MILK; DIGESTION; INTESTINAL absorption; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; MILK proteins; CALCIUM-binding proteins; BREATH tests; INTESTINES; SYMPTOMS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 4, p1048
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu15041048