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- Title
Environment and feeding change the ability of heart rate to predict metabolism in resting Steller sea lions ( Eumetopias jubatus).
- Authors
Young, Beth L.; Rosen, David A. S.; Haulena, Martin; Hindle, Allyson G.; Trites, Andrew W.
- Abstract
The ability to use heart rate (fh) to predict oxygen consumption rates ( $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$) in Steller sea lions and other pinnipeds has been investigated in fasting animals. However, it is unknown whether established fh: $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ relationships hold under more complex physiological situations, such as when animals are feeding or digesting. We assessed whether fh could accurately predict $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ in trained Steller sea lions while fasting and after being fed. Using linear mixed-effects models, we derived unique equations to describe the fh: $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ relationship for fasted sea lions resting on land and in water. Feeding did not significantly change the fh: $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ relationship on land. However, Steller sea lions in water displayed a different fh: $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ relationship after consuming a 4-kg meal compared with the fasting condition. Incorporating comparable published fh: $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ data from Steller sea lions showed a distinct effect of feeding after a 6-kg meal. Ultimately, our study illustrated that both feeding and physical environment are statistically relevant when deriving $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ from telemetered fh, but that only environment affects the practical ability to predict metabolism from fh. Updating current bioenergetic models with data gathered using these predictive fh: $$ \dot{V}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }} $$ equations will yield more accurate estimates of metabolic rates of free-ranging Steller sea lions under a variety of physiological, behavioral, and environmental states.
- Subjects
STELLER'S sea lion; METABOLISM; BIOLOGICAL adaptation; HEART beat; PHYSICAL environment
- Publication
Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic & Environmental Physiology, 2011, Vol 181, Issue 1, p105
- ISSN
0174-1578
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00360-010-0504-8