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- Title
Extracts of Knoxia roxburghii (Spreng.) M. A. Rau Induce Apoptosis in Human MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells via Mitochondrial Pathways.
- Authors
Chen, Xiao-Jiao; Pu, Xin-Ying; Pu, Xue-Mei; Li, Xue; Liu, Zhi-Bo; Mei, Mi-Jia; Wang, Xin-Ge; Zhang, Fan; Qiu, Bin; Yu, Jie
- Abstract
Knoxia roxburghii (Spreng.) M. A. Rau (KR) is a plant clinically used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cancer. The study objectives were to examine the effects of KR extracts, petroleum ether (PET), ethyl acetate (EtoAc), butanol (n-BuOH), and H2O-soluble fractions (HSF) of the 75% EtOH extraction on A549 (non-small cell lung cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), and L02 (normal hepatocyte) cells. It was found that HSF exhibited the strongest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells, and was accompanied by reduced mitochondrial transmembrane potential, increased levels of intra-cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated caspases, and upregulated pro-apoptotic and downregulated anti-apoptotic proteins. LC-MS analysis further showed that HSF primarily consisted of calycosin, aloe emodin, rein, maackiain, asperuloside, orientin, vicenin-2, and kaempferide, which have been mostly reported for anti-tumor activity in previous studies. In summary, the current study illustrated the effect, mechanism, and the potential major active components of KR against breast cancer.
- Subjects
APOPTOSIS; BREAST cancer; MEMBRANE potential; NON-small-cell lung carcinoma; CANCER cells; CHINESE medicine; MITOCHONDRIA
- Publication
Molecules, 2022, Vol 27, Issue 19, p6435
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules27196435