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- Title
Semisynthetic Cardenolides Acting as Antiviral Inhibitors of Influenza A Virus Replication by Preventing Polymerase Complex Formation.
- Authors
Boff, Laurita; Schreiber, André; da Rocha Matos, Aline; Del Sarto, Juliana; Brunotte, Linda; Munkert, Jennifer; Melo Ottoni, Flaviano; Silva Ramos, Gabriela; Kreis, Wolfgang; Castro Braga, Fernão; José Alves, Ricardo; Maia de Pádua, Rodrigo; Maria Oliveira Simões, Cláudia; Ludwig, Stephan; Frezza, Claudio
- Abstract
Influenza virus infections represent a major public health issue by causing annual epidemics and occasional pandemics that affect thousands of people worldwide. Vaccination is the main prophylaxis to prevent these epidemics/pandemics, although the effectiveness of licensed vaccines is rather limited due to the constant mutations of influenza virus antigenic characteristics. The available anti-influenza drugs are still restricted and there is an increasing viral resistance to these compounds, thus highlighting the need for research and development of new antiviral drugs. In this work, two semisynthetic derivatives of digitoxigenin, namely C10 (3β-((N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminoacetyl)amino-3-deoxydigitoxigenin) and C11 (3β-(hydroxyacetyl)amino-3-deoxydigitoxigenin), showed anti-influenza A virus activity by affecting the expression of viral proteins at the early and late stages of replication cycle, and altering the transcription and synthesis of new viral proteins, thereby inhibiting the formation of new virions. Such antiviral action occurred due to the interference in the assembly of viral polymerase, resulting in an impaired polymerase activity and, therefore, reducing viral replication. Confirming the in vitro results, a clinically relevant ex vivo model of influenza virus infection of human tumor-free lung tissues corroborated the potential of these compounds, especially C10, to completely abrogate influenza A virus replication at the highest concentration tested (2.0 µM). Taken together, these promising results demonstrated that C10 and C11 can be considered as potential new anti-influenza drug candidates.
- Subjects
INFLUENZA A virus; PANDEMICS; VIRAL replication; CARDENOLIDES; VIRUS inhibitors; VIRUS diseases
- Publication
Molecules, 2020, Vol 25, Issue 20, p4853
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules25204853