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- Title
Chemical Diversity of Bastard Balm (Melittis melisophyllum L.) as Affected by Plant Development.
- Authors
Szymborska-Sandhu, Izabela; Przybył, Jarosław L.; Kosakowska, Olga; Bączek, Katarzyna; Węglarz, Zenon; Pellati, Federica; Mercolini, Laura; Sardella, Roccaldo
- Abstract
The phytochemical diversity of Melittis melissophyllum was investigated in terms of seasonal changes and age of plants including plant organs diversity. The content of phenolics, namely: coumarin; 3,4-dihydroxycoumarin; o-coumaric acid 2-O-glucoside; verbascoside; apiin; luteolin-7-O-glucoside; and o-coumaric; p-coumaric; chlorogenic; caffeic; ferulic; cichoric acids, was determined using HPLC-DAD. Among these, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, verbascoside, chlorogenic acid, and coumarin were the dominants. The highest content of flavonoids and phenolic acids was observed in 2-year-old plants, while coumarin in 4-year-old plants (272.06 mg 100 g–1 DW). When considering seasonal changes, the highest content of luteolin-7-O-glucoside was observed at the full flowering, whereas verbascoside and chlorogenic acid were observed at the seed-setting stage. Among plant organs, the content of coumarin and phenolic acids was the highest in leaves, whereas verbascoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were observed in flowers. The composition of essential oil was determined using GC-MS/GC-FID. In the essential oil from leaves, the dominant was 1-octen-3-ol, whilst from flowers, the dominant was α-pinene.
- Subjects
PLANT development; PLANT diversity; CHLOROGENIC acid; HYDROXYCINNAMIC acids; ESSENTIAL oils; AGE of plants
- Publication
Molecules, 2020, Vol 25, Issue 10, p2421
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules25102421