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- Title
Research progress of immunotherapy against anaplastic thyroid cancer.
- Authors
Jiaqian Chen; Zuixuan Xiao; Hongyan Wu
- Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the most aggressive type of thyroid cancer. While ATC is rare, its mortality is high. Standard treatments, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have demonstrated limited efficacy in managing ATC. However, the advent of immunotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis for patients with ATC. Immunotherapy effectively targets and eliminates tumor cells by using the power of the body's immune cells. The neoantigen is an atypical protein generated by somatic mutation, is exclusively observed in neoplastic cells, and is devoid of central tolerance. Neoantigens exhibit enhanced specificity towards tumor cells and display robust immunogenic properties. Currently, neoantigen therapy is primarily applied in immune checkpoint inhibitors and cellular immunotherapy, encompassing adoptive immunotherapy and tumor vaccines. This study discusses the mechanism, tumor microenvironment, clinical trials, adverse events, limitations and future directions associated with ATC immunotherapy.
- Subjects
ANAPLASTIC thyroid cancer; THYROID cancer; IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors; IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER vaccines; SOMATIC mutation; TUMOR microenvironment
- Publication
Frontiers in Oncology, 2024, p01
- ISSN
2234-943X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fonc.2024.1365055